How damage is calculated

Base formula

damage = ATK × 100 / (100 + DEF)

Defense has diminishing returns: 100 DEF halves the damage, 200 cuts it to a third. It never reduces damage to zero — the minimum is always 1.

Multipliers, in the order they apply

1. Area penalty — skills hitting several targets deal less per target (2 targets: 80%; beyond that 2 ÷ number of targets, floored at 40%).
2. Element — elemental advantage gives +25%, disadvantage −25%.
3. Skill power — the skill's power (100 = normal damage, 150 = +50%).
4. Defending — a defending target takes half.
5. Critical — on a critical hit, damage is doubled.

Critical rate

Every character has a crit rate (base 5%) that grows with gear and passive skills. The roll has 0.01% precision.

Elements

The elemental triangle is Fire > Earth > Water > Fire. Attacks with no element get neither bonus nor penalty.